259 lines
		
	
	
		
			7.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Plaintext
		
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			259 lines
		
	
	
		
			7.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Plaintext
		
	
	
	
| ** Introduction
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| This document describes what I managed to discover about the protocol used to
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| specify force effects to I-Force 2.0 devices.  None of this information comes
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| from Immerse. That's why you should not trust what is written in this
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| document. This document is intended to help understanding the protocol.
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| This is not a reference. Comments and corrections are welcome.  To contact me,
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| send an email to: johann.deneux@gmail.com
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| 
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| ** WARNING **
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| I shall not be held responsible for any damage or harm caused if you try to
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| send data to your I-Force device based on what you read in this document.
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| 
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| ** Preliminary Notes:
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| All values are hexadecimal with big-endian encoding (msb on the left). Beware,
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| values inside packets are encoded using little-endian.  Bytes whose roles are
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| unknown are marked ???  Information that needs deeper inspection is marked (?)
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| 
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| ** General form of a packet **
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| This is how packets look when the device uses the rs232 to communicate.
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| 2B OP LEN DATA CS
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| CS is the checksum. It is equal to the exclusive or of all bytes.
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| 
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| When using USB:
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| OP DATA
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| The 2B, LEN and CS fields have disappeared, probably because USB handles frames and
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| data corruption is handled or unsignificant.
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| 
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| First, I describe effects that are sent by the device to the computer
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| 
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| ** Device input state
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| This packet is used to indicate the state of each button and the value of each
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| axis
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| OP= 01 for a joystick, 03 for a wheel
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| LEN= Varies from device to device
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| 00 X-Axis lsb
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| 01 X-Axis msb
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| 02 Y-Axis lsb, or gas pedal for a wheel
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| 03 Y-Axis msb, or brake pedal for a wheel
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| 04 Throttle
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| 05 Buttons
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| 06 Lower 4 bits: Buttons
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|    Upper 4 bits: Hat
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| 07 Rudder
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| 
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| ** Device effects states
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| OP= 02
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| LEN= Varies
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| 00 ? Bit 1 (Value 2) is the value of the deadman switch
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| 01 Bit 8 is set if the effect is playing. Bits 0 to 7 are the effect id.
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| 02 ??
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| 03 Address of parameter block changed (lsb)
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| 04 Address of parameter block changed (msb)
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| 05 Address of second parameter block changed (lsb)
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| ... depending on the number of parameter blocks updated
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| 
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| ** Force effect **
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| OP=  01
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| LEN= 0e
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| 00 Channel (when playing several effects at the same time, each must be assigned a channel)
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| 01 Wave form
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| 	Val 00 Constant
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| 	Val 20 Square
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| 	Val 21 Triangle
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| 	Val 22 Sine
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| 	Val 23 Sawtooth up
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| 	Val 24 Sawtooth down
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| 	Val 40 Spring (Force = f(pos))
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| 	Val 41 Friction (Force = f(velocity)) and Inertia (Force = f(acceleration))
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| 
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| 
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| 02 Axes affected and trigger
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| 	Bits 4-7: Val 2 = effect along one axis. Byte 05 indicates direction
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| 	          Val 4 = X axis only. Byte 05 must contain 5a
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| 	          Val 8 = Y axis only. Byte 05 must contain b4
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| 	          Val c = X and Y axes. Bytes 05 must contain 60
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| 	Bits 0-3: Val 0 = No trigger
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| 	          Val x+1 = Button x triggers the effect
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| 	When the whole byte is 0, cancel the previously set trigger
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| 
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| 03-04 Duration of effect (little endian encoding, in ms)
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| 
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| 05 Direction of effect, if applicable. Else, see 02 for value to assign.
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| 
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| 06-07 Minimum time between triggering.
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| 
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| 08-09 Address of periodicity or magnitude parameters
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| 0a-0b Address of attack and fade parameters, or ffff if none.
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| *or*
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| 08-09 Address of interactive parameters for X-axis, or ffff if not applicable
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| 0a-0b Address of interactive parameters for Y-axis, or ffff if not applicable
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| 
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| 0c-0d Delay before execution of effect (little endian encoding, in ms)
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| 
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| 
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| ** Time based parameters **
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| 
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| *** Attack and fade ***
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| OP=  02
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| LEN= 08
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| 00-01 Address where to store the parameteres
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| 02-03 Duration of attack (little endian encoding, in ms)
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| 04 Level at end of attack. Signed byte.
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| 05-06 Duration of fade.
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| 07 Level at end of fade.
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| 
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| *** Magnitude ***
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| OP=  03
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| LEN= 03
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| 00-01 Address
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| 02 Level. Signed byte.
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| 
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| *** Periodicity ***
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| OP=  04
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| LEN= 07
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| 00-01 Address
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| 02 Magnitude. Signed byte.
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| 03 Offset. Signed byte.
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| 04 Phase. Val 00 = 0 deg, Val 40 = 90 degs.
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| 05-06 Period (little endian encoding, in ms)
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| 
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| ** Interactive parameters **
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| OP=  05
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| LEN= 0a
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| 00-01 Address
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| 02 Positive Coeff
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| 03 Negative Coeff
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| 04+05 Offset (center)
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| 06+07 Dead band (Val 01F4 = 5000 (decimal))
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| 08 Positive saturation (Val 0a = 1000 (decimal) Val 64 = 10000 (decimal))
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| 09 Negative saturation
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| 
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| The encoding is a bit funny here: For coeffs, these are signed values. The
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| maximum value is 64 (100 decimal), the min is 9c.
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| For the offset, the minimum value is FE0C, the maximum value is 01F4.
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| For the deadband, the minimum value is 0, the max is 03E8.
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| 
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| ** Controls **
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| OP=  41
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| LEN= 03
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| 00 Channel
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| 01 Start/Stop
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| 	Val 00: Stop
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| 	Val 01: Start and play once.
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| 	Val 41: Start and play n times (See byte 02 below)
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| 02 Number of iterations n.
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| 
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| ** Init **
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| 
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| *** Querying features ***
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| OP=  ff
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| Query command. Length varies according to the query type.
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| The general format of this packet is:
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| ff 01 QUERY [INDEX] CHECKSUM
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| responses are of the same form:
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| FF LEN QUERY VALUE_QUERIED CHECKSUM2
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| where LEN = 1 + length(VALUE_QUERIED)
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| 
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| **** Query ram size ****
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| QUERY = 42 ('B'uffer size)
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| The device should reply with the same packet plus two additional bytes
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| containing the size of the memory:
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| ff 03 42 03 e8 CS would mean that the device has 1000 bytes of ram available.
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| 
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| **** Query number of effects ****
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| QUERY = 4e ('N'umber of effects)
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| The device should respond by sending the number of effects that can be played
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| at the same time (one byte)
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| ff 02 4e 14 CS would stand for 20 effects.
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| 
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| **** Vendor's id ****
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| QUERY = 4d ('M'anufacturer)
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| Query the vendors'id (2 bytes)
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| 
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| **** Product id *****
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| QUERY = 50 ('P'roduct)
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| Query the product id (2 bytes)
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| 
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| **** Open device ****
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| QUERY = 4f ('O'pen)
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| No data returned.
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| 
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| **** Close device *****
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| QUERY = 43 ('C')lose
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| No data returned.
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| 
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| **** Query effect ****
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| QUERY = 45 ('E')
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| Send effect type.
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| Returns nonzero if supported (2 bytes)
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| 
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| **** Firmware Version ****
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| QUERY = 56 ('V'ersion)
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| Sends back 3 bytes - major, minor, subminor
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| 
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| *** Initialisation of the device ***
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| 
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| **** Set Control ****
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| !!! Device dependent, can be different on different models !!!
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| OP=  40 <idx> <val> [<val>]
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| LEN= 2 or 3
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| 00 Idx
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|    Idx 00 Set dead zone (0..2048)
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|    Idx 01 Ignore Deadman sensor (0..1)
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|    Idx 02 Enable comm watchdog (0..1)
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|    Idx 03 Set the strength of the spring (0..100)
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|    Idx 04 Enable or disable the spring (0/1)
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|    Idx 05 Set axis saturation threshold (0..2048)
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| 
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| **** Set Effect State ****
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| OP=  42 <val>
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| LEN= 1
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| 00 State
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|    Bit 3 Pause force feedback
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|    Bit 2 Enable force feedback
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|    Bit 0 Stop all effects
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| 
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| **** Set overall gain ****
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| OP=  43 <val>
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| LEN= 1
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| 00 Gain
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|    Val 00 = 0%
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|    Val 40 = 50%
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|    Val 80 = 100%
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| 
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| ** Parameter memory **
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| 
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| Each device has a certain amount of memory to store parameters of effects.
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| The amount of RAM may vary, I encountered values from 200 to 1000 bytes. Below
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| is the amount of memory apparently needed for every set of parameters:
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|  - period : 0c
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|  - magnitude : 02
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|  - attack and fade : 0e
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|  - interactive : 08
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| 
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| ** Appendix: How to study the protocol ? **
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| 
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| 1. Generate effects using the force editor provided with the DirectX SDK, or 
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| use Immersion Studio (freely available at their web site in the developer section: 
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| www.immersion.com)
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| 2. Start a soft spying RS232 or USB (depending on where you connected your 
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| joystick/wheel). I used ComPortSpy from fCoder (alpha version!)
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| 3. Play the effect, and watch what happens on the spy screen.
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| 
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| A few words about ComPortSpy:
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| At first glance, this software seems, hum, well... buggy. In fact, data appear with a
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| few seconds latency. Personally, I restart it every time I play an effect.
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| Remember it's free (as in free beer) and alpha!
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| 
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| ** URLS **
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| Check www.immerse.com for Immersion Studio, and www.fcoder.com for ComPortSpy.
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| 
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| ** Author of this document **
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| Johann Deneux <johann.deneux@gmail.com>
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| Home page at http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.esil.univ-mrs.fr
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| 
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| Additions by Vojtech Pavlik.
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| 
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| I-Force is trademark of Immersion Corp.
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