From 6d2ff13a639b9fff72842869cfd78f78ff21bbf2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ruihan Li <lrh2000@pku.edu.cn>
Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 10:31:06 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Redirect serial output if `hvc0` is on

---
 .gitignore         | 1 +
 tools/qemu_args.sh | 7 ++++---
 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index f8c1e80d9..cd5a35190 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ target/
 
 # qemu log file
 qemu.log
+qemu-serial.log
 
 # packet dump file
 virtio-net.pcap
diff --git a/tools/qemu_args.sh b/tools/qemu_args.sh
index 92696f498..1be720403 100755
--- a/tools/qemu_args.sh
+++ b/tools/qemu_args.sh
@@ -49,7 +49,10 @@ else
 fi
 
 if [ "$CONSOLE" = "hvc0" ]; then
-    CONSOLE_ARGS="-device virtconsole,chardev=mux"
+    # Kernel logs are printed to all consoles. Redirect serial output to a file to avoid duplicate logs.
+    CONSOLE_ARGS="-device virtconsole,chardev=mux -serial file:qemu-serial.log"
+else
+    CONSOLE_ARGS="-serial chardev:mux"
 fi
 
 if [ "$1" = "tdx" ]; then
@@ -75,7 +78,6 @@ if [ "$1" = "tdx" ]; then
         $CONSOLE_ARGS \
         -device isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04 \
         -monitor chardev:mux \
-        -serial chardev:mux \
         -d guest_errors \
     "
     echo $QEMU_ARGS
@@ -89,7 +91,6 @@ COMMON_QEMU_ARGS="\
     --no-reboot \
     -nographic \
     -display vnc=0.0.0.0:${VNC_PORT:-42} \
-    -serial chardev:mux \
     -monitor chardev:mux \
     -chardev stdio,id=mux,mux=on,signal=off,logfile=qemu.log \
     $NETDEV_ARGS \