Add documentation for more verified applications

book/src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -9,6 +9,13 @@
     * [Package Management](distro/popular-applications/package-management.md)
     * [Desktop Environment](distro/popular-applications/desktop-environment.md)
     * [Containerization](distro/popular-applications/containerization.md)
+    * [System Tools](distro/popular-applications/system-tools.md)
+    * [File Tools](distro/popular-applications/file-tools.md)
+    * [Network Tools](distro/popular-applications/network-tools.md)
+    * [Development Tools](distro/popular-applications/development-tools.md)
+    * [Database Tools](distro/popular-applications/database-tools.md)
+    * [Media Tools](distro/popular-applications/media-tools.md)
+    * [Security Tools](distro/popular-applications/security-tools.md)
 
 # Asterinas Kernel
 

book/src/distro/popular-applications/database-tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# Database Tools
+
+## SQLite
+
+[SQLite](https://www.sqlite.org/) is a C-language library that implements a small, fast, self-contained SQL database engine.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.sqlite;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Database operations
+
+```bash
+# Create new SQLite database and open it
+sqlite3 database.db
+
+# Execute SQL command directly
+sqlite3 database.db "CREATE TABLE users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT);"
+
+# Insert data
+sqlite3 database.db "INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES ('Alice');"
+
+# Query data
+sqlite3 database.db "SELECT * FROM users;"
+```
+
+## Redis
+
+[Redis](https://redis.io/) is an in-memory data structure store used as a database, cache, and message broker.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.redis;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Key-value operations
+
+```bash
+# Start Redis server with specific configuration
+redis-server --bind 10.0.2.15 --port 6379 --protected-mode no
+
+# Connect to Redis server on specific host and port
+redis-cli -h hostname -p 6379
+
+# Set key-value pair
+redis-cli SET mykey "Hello World"
+
+# Get value by key
+redis-cli GET mykey
+
+# Delete key
+redis-cli DEL mykey
+```
+
+## InfluxDB
+
+[InfluxDB](https://influxdata.com/) is a time series database designed for high write and query loads.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.influxdb;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Time series operations
+
+```bash
+# Start with specific configuration file
+influxd -config /etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
+
+# Connect to remote InfluxDB server
+influx -host hostname -port 8086
+
+# Create database
+influx -execute "CREATE DATABASE mydb"
+
+# Use database
+influx -execute "USE mydb"
+
+# Write data (InfluxDB line protocol)
+influx -execute "INSERT cpu,host=server1 value=0.64"
+influx -execute "INSERT memory,host=server1 used=80,total=100"
+
+# Query data
+influx -execute "SELECT * FROM cpu"
+influx -execute "SELECT * FROM memory WHERE host='server1'"
+```
+
+## InfluxDB 3
+
+[InfluxDB 3.x](https://github.com/influxdata/influxdb) is the next generation of InfluxDB with improved performance and features.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.influxdb3;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Time series operations
+
+```bash
+# Start InfluxDB 3.x server
+influxdb3 serve --object-store file --data-dir ~/.influxdb3 --node-id testdb --http-bind 10.0.2.15:8086
+
+# Connect to remote InfluxDB server
+influx -host hostname -port 8086
+```
+
+## Etcd
+
+[Etcd](https://etcd.io/) is a distributed key-value store that provides a reliable way to store data that needs to be accessed by a distributed system.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.etcd;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Distributed key-value operations
+
+```bash
+# Start etcd with specific listen addresses
+etcd --listen-peer-urls=http://10.0.2.15:8081 --listen-client-urls=http://10.0.2.15:8080 --advertise-client-urls=http://10.0.2.15:8080
+
+# Put key-value pair
+etcdctl --endpoints=localhost:8080 put key1 value1
+
+# Get value by key
+etcdctl --endpoints=localhost:8080 get key1
+
+# Delete key
+etcdctl --endpoints=localhost:8080 del key1
+```

book/src/distro/popular-applications/development-tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+# Development Tools
+
+## Git
+
+[Git](https://git-scm.com/) is a distributed version control system.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.git;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Version control
+
+```bash
+# Clone existing repository
+git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git
+
+# Check repository status
+git status
+
+# View commit history
+git log
+
+# Create and switch to new branch
+git checkout -b new-feature
+
+# View differences
+git diff
+
+# Add files to staging area
+git add file.txt
+
+# Commit changes
+git commit -m "Commit message"
+
+# Push changes to remote
+git push origin main
+```
+
+## Vim
+
+[Vim](https://www.vim.org/) is a highly configurable text editor.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.vim;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Text editing
+
+```bash
+# Open file in vim
+vim filename.txt
+
+# Basic navigation (in normal mode):
+# h,j,k,l       - Move left, down, up, right
+# w,W           - Move to next word
+# b,B           - Move to previous word
+# 0             - Move to beginning of line
+# $             - Move to end of line
+# gg            - Go to first line
+# G             - Go to last line
+# :10           - Go to line 10
+
+# Editing modes:
+# i             - Insert mode before cursor
+# a             - Insert mode after cursor
+# o             - Open new line below
+# O             - Open new line above
+# Esc           - Return to normal mode
+
+# Saving and quitting:
+# :w            - Save file
+# :q            - Quit
+# :wq or :x     - Save and quit
+# :q!           - Quit without saving
+# ZZ            - Save and quit
+```
+
+## Nano
+
+[Nano](https://www.nano-editor.org/) is a simple, user-friendly text editor.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.nano;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Text editing
+
+```bash
+# Open file in nano
+nano filename.txt
+
+# Basic navigation:
+# Ctrl+K        - Cut line
+# Ctrl+U        - Paste line
+# Ctrl+6        - Mark text (start selection)
+# Ctrl+W        - Search text
+# Ctrl+\        - Search and replace
+# Ctrl+G        - Show help
+# Ctrl+C        - Show cursor position
+# Ctrl+_        - Go to line
+
+# File operations:
+# Ctrl+O        - Write file (save)
+# Ctrl+X        - Exit nano
+# Ctrl+R        - Read file (insert file)
+# Ctrl+T        - Run spell checker
+# Ctrl+J        - Justify paragraph
+```
+
+## GCC
+
+[GCC](https://gcc.gnu.org/) is the GNU Compiler Collection.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gcc;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### C compilation
+
+```bash
+# Create object file only
+gcc -c source.c
+
+# Compile with output name
+gcc -o program source.c
+
+# Compile with debug information
+gcc -g source.c -o program
+
+# Link object files
+gcc file1.o file2.o -o program
+```
+
+## Gnumake
+
+[Make](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/) automates build processes.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gnumake;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Build automation
+
+```bash
+# Run make with specific target
+make target_name
+
+# Run make with specific Makefile
+make -f Makefile.custom
+```
+
+## Perl
+
+[Perl](https://www.perl.org/) is a highly capable, feature-rich programming language.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.perl;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Script execution
+
+```bash
+# Execute Perl script
+perl script.pl
+
+# Run Perl code directly
+perl -e 'print "Hello World"'
+```
+
+## Lua
+
+[Lua](https://www.lua.org/) is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.lua;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Script execution
+
+```bash
+# Execute Lua script
+lua script.lua
+
+# Run Lua code directly
+lua -e "print('Hello World')"
+```
+
+## Ruby
+
+[Ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org/) is a dynamic, open source programming language.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.ruby;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Script execution
+
+```bash
+# Execute Ruby script
+ruby script.rb
+
+# Run Ruby code directly
+ruby -e "puts 'Hello World'"
+```
+
+## Octave
+
+[Octave](https://www.gnu.org/software/octave/) is a scientific computing environment.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.octave;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Scientific computing
+
+```bash
+# Execute Octave script
+octave script.m
+
+# Run Octave code directly
+octave --eval "disp('Hello World')"
+
+# Matrix operations
+octave --eval "[1 2; 3 4] * [5; 6]"
+
+# Statistical calculations
+octave --eval "mean([1 2 3 4 5])"
+```
+
+## Python3
+
+[Python](https://www.python.org/) is a high-level programming language.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.python3;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Script execution
+
+```bash
+# Execute Python script
+python3 script.py
+
+# Run Python code directly
+python3 -c "print('Hello World')"
+```
+
+## Zulu
+
+[Zulu](https://www.azul.com/products/zulu/) is a certified OpenJDK build.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.zulu;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Java development
+
+```bash
+# Compile Java source file
+javac HelloWorld.java
+
+# Run Java program
+java HelloWorld
+```
+
+## Go
+
+[Go](https://go.dev/) is a programming language by Google.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.go;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Go development
+
+```bash
+# Initialize new Go module
+go mod init module-name
+
+# Build Go program
+go build main.go
+
+# Run Go program
+go run main.go
+
+# Format source
+go fmt main.go
+
+# Clean build artifacts
+go clean
+```
+
+## Rustup
+
+[Rustup](https://www.rustup.rs/) is a toolchain manager for Rust.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.rustup;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Rust development
+
+```bash
+# Manage toolchains
+rustup toolchain list
+rustup install stable
+rustup default stable
+
+# Create new Rust project
+cargo new my_project
+
+# Fast compilation check
+cargo check
+
+# Build project
+cargo build
+
+# Run project
+cargo run
+
+# Test project
+cargo test
+```

book/src/distro/popular-applications/file-tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,552 @@
+# File Tools
+
+## Coreutils
+
+[Coreutils](https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/) includes basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.coreutils;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Basic file operations
+
+```bash
+# BLAKE2 checksum
+b2sum file.txt
+b2sum --check checksums.b2
+
+# Base64 encode/decode
+base64 file.txt
+base64 -d encoded_file.b64
+
+# Strip directory and suffix from filenames
+basename /path/to/file.txt
+
+# Concatenate and display files
+cat file1.txt file2.txt
+
+# Change file permissions
+chmod 755 script.sh
+chmod +x script.sh
+chmod -R 755 directory/
+
+# Run command or interactive shell with special root directory
+chroot /newroot /bin/bash
+
+# Copy files and directories
+cp file1.txt file2.txt
+cp -r dir1 dir2
+
+# Split a file into sections determined by context lines
+csplit file.txt '/pattern/' '{*}'
+
+# Remove sections from each line of files
+cut -d':' -f1 /etc/passwd
+
+# Convert and copy a file
+dd if=input.txt of=output.txt
+dd if=/dev/zero of=disk.img bs=1M count=100
+
+# Strip last component from file name
+dirname /path/to/file.txt
+
+# Display a line of text
+echo "Hello World"
+
+# Evaluate expressions
+expr 2 + 3
+expr 10 \* 5				# Escape * for shell
+
+# Output the first part of files
+head -n 20 file.txt
+
+# Make links between files
+ln -s target_file symlink
+ln target_file hardlink
+
+# Make directories
+mkdir -p path/to/nested/dir
+
+# Move (rename) files
+mv old.txt new.txt
+mv file.txt /destination/
+
+# Dump files in octal and other formats
+od file.txt
+od -c file.txt                    # Character format
+od -x file.txt                    # Hexadecimal format
+
+# Merge lines of files
+paste -d ',' file1.txt file2.txt  # Use comma as delimiter
+
+# Print value of a symbolic link or canonical file name
+readlink symlink
+
+# Print the resolved path
+realpath file.txt
+
+# Remove files or directories
+rm file.txt
+rm -rf directory/
+
+# Print a sequence of numbers
+seq 0 2 10                      # Start, increment, end
+
+# SHA2 checksums
+sha256sum file.txt
+sha512sum --check checksums.sha512
+
+# Display file or file system status
+stat -c "%A %U %G %s" file.txt  # Custom format
+
+# Flush file system buffers
+sync
+
+# Output the last part of files
+tail -n 20 file.txt
+
+# Change file timestamps
+touch -t 202401011200 file.txt
+
+# Print newline, word, and byte counts for each file
+wc -l file.txt                  # Lines only
+wc -w file.txt                  # Words only
+wc -c file.txt                  # Bytes only
+```
+
+## Findutils
+
+[Findutils](https://www.gnu.org/software/findutils/) provides the basic directory searching utilities.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.findutils;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### File searching
+
+```bash
+# Search for files in a directory hierarchy
+find /path -name "*.txt"           # Find by name
+find /path -iname "*.TXT"          # Case insensitive
+find /path -type f                 # Find files only
+find /path -type d                 # Find directories only
+find /path -type l                 # Find symbolic links only
+
+# Execute commands on found files
+find /path -name "*.tmp" -delete
+find /path -name "*.log" -exec rm {} \;
+find /path -name "*.bak" -exec mv {} {}.old \;
+
+# Build and execute command lines from standard input
+find /path -name "*.txt" | xargs rm
+find /path -name "*.log" | xargs -I {} mv {} {}.old
+```
+
+## Diffutils
+
+[Diffutils](https://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/) compares files and produces output showing differences.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.diffutils;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### File comparison
+
+```bash
+# Compare files line by line
+diff -u file1.txt file2.txt
+
+# Compare three files line by line
+diff3 file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt     # Three-way comparison
+diff3 -m file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt  # Merge conflicts
+diff3 -E file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt  # Overlapping changes
+```
+
+## File
+
+[File](https://darwinsys.com/file/) determines file type by examining content.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.file;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### File type detection
+
+```bash
+# Determine file type
+file filename.txt              # Basic file type detection
+file document.pdf              # Identify PDF files
+file image.jpg                 # Identify image files
+
+# Detailed information
+file -i filename.txt           # Show MIME type
+file -b filename.txt           # Brief output (no filename)
+file -L symlink                # Follow symlinks
+```
+
+## Tree
+
+[Tree](https://oldmanprogrammer.net/source.php?dir=projects/tree) lists contents of directories in a tree-like format.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.tree;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Directory tree display
+
+```bash
+# List contents of directories in a tree-like format
+tree /path/to/directory        # Display specific directory tree
+
+# Basic tree options
+tree -a                        # Show all files (including hidden)
+tree -d                        # Show directories only
+tree -f                        # Show full path prefix for each file
+tree -h                        # Show file sizes in human readable format
+```
+
+## Less
+
+[Less](https://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/) is a terminal pager program for viewing text files.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.less;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### File viewing
+
+```bash
+# Opposite of more (better file viewer)
+less filename.txt
+
+# Navigation commands (while in less):
+# Basic movement:
+# j or Enter    - Move down one line
+# k             - Move up one line
+# f or Space    - Forward one window
+# b             - Backward one window
+# d             - Forward half window
+# u             - Backward half window
+```
+
+## Gawk
+
+[Gawk](https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/) is the GNU implementation of Awk programming language.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gawk;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Text processing
+
+```bash
+# Use custom field separator
+awk -F: '{print NR ": " $1}' /etc/passwd
+
+# Print lines matching pattern
+awk '/pattern/ {print}' file.txt
+
+# Sum numbers in first column
+awk '{sum += $1} END {print "Sum:", sum}' numbers.txt
+```
+
+## Gnused
+
+[Gnused](https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/) is the GNU implementation of stream editor.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gnused;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Stream editing
+
+```bash
+# Print specific line numbers
+sed -n '1,10p' file.txt
+
+# Replace all occurrences with case insensitive
+sed 's/old/new/gi' file.txt
+
+# Delete specific line numbers
+sed '1,5d' file.txt
+
+# Insert text before line
+sed '2i\New line inserted' file.txt
+
+# Append text after line
+sed '2a\Appended line' file.txt
+
+# Replace entire line
+sed '3c\Completely replaced line' file.txt
+```
+
+## Gnugrep
+
+[Gnugrep](https://www.gnu.org/software/grep/) searches text using patterns.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gnugrep;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Text searching
+
+```bash
+# Search for pattern in file
+grep "pattern" file.txt
+
+# Case insensitive search
+grep -i "pattern" file.txt
+
+# Recursive search in directory
+grep -r "pattern" /path/to/directory
+
+# Show line numbers
+grep -n "pattern" file.txt
+```
+
+## Gnutar
+
+[Gnutar](https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/) creates and extracts archive files.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gnutar;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Archive operations
+
+```bash
+# Create tar archive
+tar -cf archive.tar file1 file2 directory/
+
+# Extract tar archive
+tar -xf archive.tar
+
+# List contents of archive
+tar -tf archive.tar
+
+# Append files to existing archive
+tar -rf archive.tar newfile.txt
+
+# Update files in archive
+tar -uf archive.tar updated_file.txt
+```
+
+## Gzip
+
+[Gzip](https://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/) is a popular data compression program.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gzip;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Compression
+
+```bash
+# Compress file with gzip
+gzip file.txt                  # Creates file.txt.gz
+
+# Decompress file with gunzip
+gunzip file.txt.gz             # Restores file.txt
+
+# Decompress to stdout
+zcat file.txt.gz
+
+# View compressed file with pager
+zless file.txt.gz
+zmore file.txt.gz
+
+# Search in compressed file
+zgrep "pattern" file.txt.gz
+```
+
+## Bzip2
+
+[Bzip2](https://www.sourceware.org/bzip2) uses the Burrows-Wheeler algorithm for compression.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.bzip2;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Compression
+
+```bash
+# Compress file with bzip2
+bzip2 file.txt                 # Creates file.txt.bz2
+
+# Decompress file with bunzip2
+bunzip2 file.txt.bz2           # Restores file.txt
+
+# Decompress to stdout
+bzcat file.txt.bz2
+
+# View compressed file with pager
+bzless file.txt.bz2
+bzmore file.txt.bz2
+
+# Search in compressed file
+bzgrep "pattern" file.txt.bz2
+```
+
+## Xz
+
+[Xz](https://tukaani.org/xz/) provides high compression ratio using LZMA2 algorithm.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.xz;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Compression
+
+```bash
+# Compress file with xz
+xz file.txt                    # Creates file.txt.xz
+
+# Decompress file with unxz
+unxz file.txt.xz               # Restores file.txt
+
+# Decompress to stdout
+xzcat file.txt.xz
+
+# View compressed file with pager
+xzless file.txt.xz
+xzmore file.txt.xz
+
+# Search in compressed file
+xzgrep "pattern" file.txt.xz
+```
+
+## Zip
+
+[Zip](https://www.info-zip.org/) is a file compression and archive utility.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [ zip unzip ];
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Archive creation
+
+```bash
+# Create zip archive
+zip archive.zip file1.txt file2.txt
+
+# List contents of zip file
+unzip -l archive.zip
+
+# Extract all files
+unzip archive.zip
+
+# View file information in zip
+zipinfo archive.zip
+
+# Search for pattern in zip files
+zipgrep "pattern" archive.zip
+```
+
+## Rsync
+
+[Rsync](https://rsync.samba.org/) is a fast and versatile file synchronization tool.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.rsync;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### File synchronization
+
+```bash
+# Sync local directories
+rsync -av source/ destination/
+
+# Delete files not in source
+rsync -av --delete source/ destination/
+
+# Show progress during transfer
+rsync -av --progress source/ destination/
+
+# Exclude specific files/patterns
+rsync -av --exclude '*.tmp' source/ destination/
+
+# Include only specific files
+rsync -av --include '*.txt' --exclude '*' source/ destination/
+```
+
+## Wipe
+
+[Wipe](https://wipe.sourceforge.net/) securely deletes files by overwriting them.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.wipe;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Secure deletion
+
+```bash
+# Wipe with zero-out pass (single pass of zeros)
+wipe -z filename.txt
+
+# Wipe with specific number of passes
+wipe -p 8 filename.txt
+```

book/src/distro/popular-applications/media-tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+# Media Tools
+
+## FFmpeg
+
+[FFmpeg](https://www.ffmpeg.org/) is a complete, cross-platform solution to record, convert and stream audio and video.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.ffmpeg;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Video and audio processing
+
+```bash
+# Create a 10-second blue test video
+ffmpeg -f lavfi -i color=blue:duration=10:size=1280x720 -c:v libx264 test.mp4
+
+# Convert to different format
+ffmpeg -i test.mp4 test.avi
+
+# Resize video to 640x360
+ffmpeg -i test.mp4 -vf scale=640:360 small_test.mp4
+
+# Compress video with lower quality
+ffmpeg -i test.mp4 -b:v 500k compressed_test.mp4
+
+# Extract first 5 seconds
+ffmpeg -i test.mp4 -t 5 short_test.mp4
+```
+
+## ImageMagick
+
+[ImageMagick](http://www.imagemagick.org/) is a software suite to create, edit, compose, or convert bitmap images.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.imagemagick;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Image processing
+
+```bash
+# Create colorful test image
+magick -size 1000x600 xc:skyblue -fill white -draw "circle 250,150 250,200" -fill yellow -draw "circle 700,200 700,250" test.jpg
+
+# Convert image format
+magick input.jpg output.png
+
+# Resize image
+magick input.jpg -resize 800x600 output.jpg
+
+# Crop image
+magick input.jpg -crop 400x300+100+50 output.jpg
+
+# Rotate image
+magick input.jpg -rotate 90 output.jpg
+```
+
+## SoX
+
+[SoX](https://sox.sourceforge.net/) is a sample rate converter for audio files.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.sox;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Audio processing
+
+```bash
+# Create 1 kHz tone (10 seconds)
+sox -n test_1k.wav synth 10 sine 1000
+
+# Create chord (multiple tones)
+sox -n chord.wav synth 3 sine 261.63 synth 3 sine 329.63 synth 3 sine 392.00
+
+# Create white noise (5 seconds)
+sox -n noise.wav synth 5 whitenoise
+
+# Convert audio format
+sox input.wav output.flac
+
+# Concatenate audio files
+sox file1.wav file2.wav concatenated_output.wav
+
+# Cut audio (from 10s to 40s)
+sox input.wav output.wav trim 10 30
+```
+
+## Pandoc
+
+[Pandoc](https://hackage.haskell.org/package/pandoc-cli) is a universal document converter.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.pandoc;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Document conversion
+
+```bash
+# Convert Markdown to HTML
+pandoc test.md -o test.html
+
+# Convert Markdown to Word DOCX
+pandoc test.md -o test.docx
+
+# Convert HTML to Markdown
+pandoc test.html -f html -t markdown -o converted.md
+```

book/src/distro/popular-applications/network-tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+# Network Tools
+
+## LDNS
+
+[LDNS](https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/projects/ldns/) is a library for DNS programming with C.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.ldns;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### DNS queries
+
+```bash
+# Basic DNS lookup
+drill google.com
+
+# Query specific record type
+drill google.com A          # IPv4 address
+drill google.com AAAA       # IPv6 address
+drill google.com MX         # Mail exchange
+drill google.com NS         # Name servers
+drill google.com TXT        # Text records
+drill google.com CNAME      # Canonical name
+
+# Reverse DNS lookup
+drill -x 8.8.8.8
+```
+
+## Whois
+
+[Whois](https://packages.qa.debian.org/w/whois.html) queries domain registration information.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.whois;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Domain information
+
+```bash
+# Basic whois lookup
+whois google.com
+
+# Query specific whois server
+whois -h whois.verisign-grs.com google.com
+
+# Query IP address
+whois 8.8.8.8
+```
+
+## Netcat
+
+[Netcat](https://www.libressl.org/) is a networking utility for reading from and writing to network connections.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.netcat;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Network connections
+
+```bash
+# Basic TCP connection
+nc hostname port
+
+# Listen on specific port
+nc -l 10.0.2.15 8080
+
+# Send file over network
+nc hostname port < file.txt
+
+# Receive file over network
+nc -l port > received_file.txt
+
+# Zero-I/O mode (scanning)
+nc -z hostname port
+```
+
+## Curl
+
+[Curl](https://curl.se/) transfers data with URLs.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.curl;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### HTTP client
+
+```bash
+# Basic GET request
+curl https://api.github.com
+
+# Download with specific filename
+curl -o newname.txt https://example.com/file.txt
+```
+
+## Wget
+
+[Wget](https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/) downloads files from the web.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.wget;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### File download
+
+```bash
+# Download single file
+wget https://example.com/file.zip
+
+# Download with specific filename
+wget -O newname.txt https://example.com/file.txt
+```
+
+## LFTP
+
+[LFTP](https://lftp.yar.ru/) is a sophisticated file transfer program.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.lftp;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### FTP client
+
+```bash
+# Connect to FTP server
+lftp ftp://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cd/
+
+# Connect to HTTP server
+lftp http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cd/
+
+# Download single file
+lftp -c "open ftp.sjtu.edu.cn; cd /ubuntu-cd; get robots.txt"
+```
+
+## Socat
+
+[Socat](http://www.dest-unreach.org/socat/) is a multipurpose relay for bidirectional data transfer.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.socat;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Network relay
+
+```bash
+# Basic TCP connection
+socat TCP:hostname:port -
+
+# Listen on TCP port
+socat TCP-LISTEN:8080,bind=10.0.2.15,fork -
+
+# Echo server
+socat TCP-LISTEN:6379,bind=10.0.2.15,reuseaddr,fork EXEC:cat
+
+# HTTP server (simple)
+socat TCP-LISTEN:8080,bind=10.0.2.15,crlf,reuseaddr,fork SYSTEM:"echo 'HTTP/1.0 200 OK'; echo; echo 'Hello World'"
+```

book/src/distro/popular-applications/security-tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# Security Tools
+
+## GnuPG
+
+[GnuPG](https://gnupg.org/) is a complete implementation of the OpenPGP standard for encrypting and signing data.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.gnupg;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Encryption and signing
+
+```bash
+# Quick generate without passphrase protection
+gpg --batch --passphrase-fd 0 --quick-generate-key "Test User <test@example.com>" rsa2048 sign never <<< ""
+
+# List public keys
+gpg --list-keys
+
+# Export public key
+gpg --export --armor test@example.com > public_key.asc
+
+# Export private key (be careful!)
+gpg --export-secret-keys --armor test@example.com > private_key.asc
+
+# Sign with specific key
+gpg --sign --local-user test@example.com file.txt
+
+# Verify and extract the original file
+gpg --verify file.txt.gpg
+gpg file.txt.gpg  # This will verify and output the original content
+
+# Encrypt with passphrase from command line
+gpg --symmetric --passphrase "mysecretpassword" --batch file.txt
+
+# Decrypt with passphrase from command line
+gpg --decrypt --passphrase "mysecretpassword" --batch file.txt.gpg > file.txt
+```
+
+## Crunch
+
+[Crunch](https://sourceforge.net/projects/crunch-wordlist/) is a wordlist generator.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.crunch;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Wordlist generation
+
+```bash
+# Generate wordlist with specific length
+crunch 4 4 abcdef
+
+# Generate wordlist with specific pattern
+crunch 6 6 -t a@@b%%
+
+# Generate wordlist with start and end strings
+crunch 4 4 abcdef -s abcd -e ffed
+```
+
+## John
+
+[John the Ripper](https://github.com/openwall/john/) is a fast password cracker.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.john;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Password cracking
+
+```bash
+# Create test dictionary file
+echo "password" > wordlist.txt
+echo "123456" >> wordlist.txt
+echo "admin" >> wordlist.txt
+echo "password123" >> wordlist.txt
+
+# Create a MD5 hash for testing
+echo "482c811da5d5b4bc6d497ffa98491e38" > md5_hash.txt # Genuine MD5 hash of "password123"
+
+# Basic password cracking with wordlist
+john --wordlist=wordlist.txt --format=raw-md5 md5_hash.txt
+```

book/src/distro/popular-applications/system-tools.md

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+# System Tools
+
+## Bash
+
+[Bash](https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/) is the GNU Project's shell and command language.
+
+### Installation
+
+Bash is included by default in NixOS. To ensure it's available, you can add it to your `configuration.nix`:
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.bash;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Basic commands
+
+```bash
+# Start interactive shell
+bash
+
+# Execute a script
+bash script.sh
+```
+
+## Procps
+
+[Procps](https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps) provides system utilities for process management and system information.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.procps;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Process management
+
+```bash
+# Display memory in human readable format
+free -h
+
+# Kill process by PID
+kill 1234
+
+# Display processes with custom format
+ps -eo pid,ppid,cmd,pcpu,pmem
+
+# Find processes with full command line
+pgrep -f "python script.py"
+
+# Kill processes by pattern
+pkill firefox
+
+# Display memory map of a process
+pmap 1234
+
+# Monitor processes in real-time
+top
+
+# Display system uptime
+uptime
+```
+
+## Util-linux
+
+[Util-linux](https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/) provides a set of system utilities for any Linux system.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.util-linux;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### System utilities
+
+```bash
+# Display system information
+uname -a
+
+# Display disk space usage
+df -h
+
+# Mount a file system
+mount -t ext2 /dev/vdb /ext2
+
+# Unmount a file system
+umount /ext2
+
+# Find mounted file systems
+findmnt
+
+# Display date in custom format
+date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
+
+# Display calendar for specific month
+cal 01 2026
+
+# Display user and group information
+id
+
+# Display login history
+last
+
+# Display file in hexadecimal
+hexdump -C file.bin
+
+# Display where program is located
+whereis ls
+```
+
+## Hostname
+
+[Hostname](https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/hostname) displays or sets the host name or domain name.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.hostname;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Hostname management
+
+```bash
+# Display current hostname
+hostname
+
+# Set hostname temporarily
+hostname new-hostname
+```
+
+## Which
+
+[Which](https://www.gnu.org/software/which/) shows the full path of shell commands.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.which;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Command location
+
+```bash
+# Find all locations of a command
+which -a python
+
+# Explicitly search for normal binaries
+which --skip-alias command
+```
+
+## Man-pages
+
+[Man-pages](https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/) provides manual pages for Linux kernel and C library interfaces.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.man-pages;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Manual page access
+
+```bash
+# Display manual page in specific section
+man 1 ls        # User commands
+man 2 read      # System calls
+man 3 printf    # Library functions
+man 4 tty       # Special files
+man 5 fstab     # File formats
+man 6 banner    # Games
+man 7 regex     # Miscellaneous
+man 8 mount     # System administration
+
+# Display manual page without pager
+man -P cat ls
+```
+
+## Texinfo
+
+[Texinfo](https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/) is the official documentation format of the GNU project.
+
+### Installation
+
+```nix
+environment.systemPackages = pkgs.texinfoInteractive;
+```
+
+### Verified Usage
+
+#### Info documentation
+
+```bash
+# Display info documentation for a topic
+info bash
+
+# Navigate within info viewer:
+# Space - Scroll forward
+# Backspace - Scroll backward
+# n - Next node
+# p - Previous node
+# u - Up node
+# l - Last visited node
+# g - Go to specific node
+# s - Search forward
+# q - Quit
+```