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NixOS-Based Test Suites

This directory contains NixOS-based tests and a framework for writing and running them. The framework executes tests by interacting with a live instance of the operating system in a virtual environment. Thanks to this interactive design, the framework can test virtually any behavior that a real user could trigger through a terminal. It also offers a simple, imperative API, making it easy to write and maintain these interactive test scenarios.

Directory Structure

test/nixos/
├── common/
│   ├── template/               # Template for creating new tests
│   └── ...                     # Core implementation of the framework
├── tests/
│   ├── podman/                 # A real test crate
│   │   ├── Cargo.toml
│   │   ├── extra_config.nix    # (Optional) Additional NixOS configuration
│   │   └── src/
│   │       └── main.rs
│   └── ...                     # Other tests
└── Makefile

Creating a New Test

Step 1: Copy the Template

cd test/nixos
cp -r common/template tests/my-test

Step 2: Update `Cargo.toml`

Replace <test_name> with your test name:

Step 3: Implement Your Tests

Edit src/main.rs:

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0

use nixos_test_framework::*;
use nixos_test_macro::nixos_test;

// This macro generates the main function that runs all registered tests
nixos_test_main!();

// Register a test case using the #[nixos_test] attribute
#[nixos_test]
fn basic_command_test(nixos_shell: &mut Session) -> Result<(), Error> {
    nixos_shell.run_cmd("echo 'Hello, World!'")?;
    nixos_shell.run_cmd_and_expect("cat /etc/os-release", "NixOS")?;
    Ok(())
}

// You can define multiple test cases in the same file
#[nixos_test]
fn file_operations_test(nixos_shell: &mut Session) -> Result<(), Error> {
    nixos_shell.run_cmd("touch /tmp/test.txt")?;
    nixos_shell.run_cmd_and_expect("ls /tmp", "test.txt")?;
    Ok(())
}

The Session type provides APIs for interacting with the VM. See the Session API documentation for details.

Step 4: (Optional) Configure NixOS

If your test requires additional packages or system configuration, edit extra_config.nix:

{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:

{
    environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
        # Add required packages here
        vim
        git
    ];
    
    # Configure system services
    virtualisation.podman.enable = true;
}

This content of this file will be merged with the default configuration file to generate the final configuration file for the testing Asterinas NixOS system.

Running Tests

The following commands should be run under the project root.

Build Test Image

# Build NixOS image for a test suite
make nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test

# Or build using ISO installer workflow
make iso NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test
make run_iso

Run Tests

# Run all tests in the suite
make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test

# Run a specific test case
make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test NIXOS_TEST_CASE=basic_command_test

# Customize timeout with units (default: 5min)
make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test NIXOS_TEST_TIMEOUT=10min    # 10 minutes
make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test NIXOS_TEST_TIMEOUT=600s   # 600 seconds
make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test NIXOS_TEST_TIMEOUT=600000ms  # 600000 milliseconds

Complete Workflow Examples

# Quick test
make nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test && make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test

# Test with ISO installer
make iso NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test && make run_iso && make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=my-test

# Run specific test with custom timeout (10 minutes)
make nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=podman
make run_nixos NIXOS_TEST_SUITE=podman NIXOS_TEST_CASE=container_basic_test NIXOS_TEST_TIMEOUT=10min

Environment Variables

NIXOS_TEST_SUITE: Name of the test suite to run (required for test mode)
NIXOS_TEST_CASE: Specific test case to run (optional, runs all if not specified)
NIXOS_TEST_TIMEOUT: Timeout for command execution with unit suffix (optional, default: 5min)
- Supported formats: <number>ms (milliseconds), <number>s (seconds), <number>min (minutes)
- Examples: 300000ms, 300s, 5min

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